[Python Cheatsheet] 33. textwrap - 텍스트 정렬과 줄바꿈

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import textwrap

textwrap.wrap(text, width=70)     # 리스트로 분할
textwrap.fill(text, width=70)     # 문자열로 줄바꿈
textwrap.dedent(text)             # 공통 들여쓰기 제거
textwrap.indent(text, prefix)     # 들여쓰기 추가
textwrap.shorten(text, width)     # 길이 제한 + 말줄임

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import textwrap

text = "Python is a programming language that lets you work quickly and integrate systems more effectively."

lines = textwrap.wrap(text, width=30)
print(lines)
# ['Python is a programming', 'language that lets you work', 'quickly and integrate systems', 'more effectively.']

for line in lines:
    print(line)
# Python is a programming
# language that lets you work
# quickly and integrate systems
# more effectively.

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import textwrap

text = "Python is a programming language that lets you work quickly and integrate systems more effectively."

formatted = textwrap.fill(text, width=40)
print(formatted)
# Python is a programming language that
# lets you work quickly and integrate
# systems more effectively.

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import textwrap

# 함수 내 멀티라인 문자열
def get_help():
    help_text = """\
        Usage: program [options]
        
        Options:
            -h  Show help
            -v  Verbose mode
        """
    return textwrap.dedent(help_text)

print(get_help())
# Usage: program [options]
# 
# Options:
#     -h  Show help
#     -v  Verbose mode

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import textwrap

text = """First line
Second line
Third line"""

# 모든 줄에 들여쓰기
indented = textwrap.indent(text, '    ')
print(indented)
#     First line
#     Second line
#     Third line

# 조건부 들여쓰기 (비어있지 않은 줄만)
text_with_empty = "Line 1\n\nLine 2"
indented = textwrap.indent(text_with_empty, '> ', predicate=lambda line: line.strip())
print(indented)
# > Line 1
# 
# > Line 2

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import textwrap

text = "Hello World! This is a very long text that needs to be shortened."

short = textwrap.shorten(text, width=30)
print(short)
# Hello World! This is a [...]

# 커스텀 placeholder
short = textwrap.shorten(text, width=30, placeholder="...")
print(short)
# Hello World! This is a...

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import textwrap

wrapper = textwrap.TextWrapper(
    width=40,
    initial_indent='* ',      # 첫 줄 들여쓰기
    subsequent_indent='  ',    # 이후 줄 들여쓰기
    break_long_words=False,    # 긴 단어 자르지 않음
    break_on_hyphens=True      # 하이픈에서 줄바꿈
)

text = "This is a demonstration of the TextWrapper class with custom settings."
print(wrapper.fill(text))
# * This is a demonstration of
#   the TextWrapper class with
#   custom settings.

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import textwrap

items = [
    "First item with a long description that might wrap",
    "Second item",
    "Third item with another long description"
]

wrapper = textwrap.TextWrapper(
    width=40,
    initial_indent='  - ',
    subsequent_indent='    '
)

for item in items:
    print(wrapper.fill(item))
#   - First item with a long
#     description that might wrap
#   - Second item
#   - Third item with another long
#     description

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import textwrap

def print_help():
    help_text = textwrap.dedent("""\
        This is a help message that explains how to use the program.
        It can span multiple lines and will be properly formatted
        when displayed to the user.
        """)
    print(textwrap.fill(help_text, width=50))

print_help()
# This is a help message that explains how to
# use the program. It can span multiple lines
# and will be properly formatted when displayed
# to the user.

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import textwrap

# wrap은 코드를 망가뜨릴 수 있음
code = "def hello(): print('world')"
print(textwrap.fill(code, width=20))  # 코드가 이상해짐

# 코드는 그대로 두고 설명만 wrap
description = "This function prints a greeting message to the console."
formatted_desc = textwrap.fill(description, width=40)
print(f"{formatted_desc}\n\n{code}")

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import textwrap

wrapper = textwrap.TextWrapper(
    width=70,                  # 최대 줄 너비
    initial_indent='',         # 첫 줄 접두사
    subsequent_indent='',      # 이후 줄 접두사
    expand_tabs=True,          # 탭을 공백으로
    tabsize=8,                 # 탭 크기
    replace_whitespace=True,   # 공백 정규화
    fix_sentence_endings=False,# 문장 끝 공백 2개
    break_long_words=True,     # 긴 단어 자르기
    break_on_hyphens=True,     # 하이픈에서 줄바꿈
    drop_whitespace=True,      # 줄 시작/끝 공백 제거
    max_lines=None,            # 최대 줄 수
    placeholder=' [...]'       # 생략 시 표시
)

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import textwrap

# 첫 줄에 텍스트가 있으면 dedent 작동 안 함
bad = """    Line 1
    Line 2"""
print(textwrap.dedent(bad))  # 변화 없음

# 첫 줄을 비우거나 \ 사용
good = """\
    Line 1
    Line 2"""
print(textwrap.dedent(good))
# Line 1
# Line 2

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import textwrap

# placeholder 길이보다 width가 작으면 에러
# textwrap.shorten("Hello", width=3)  # ValueError

# width는 placeholder보다 커야 함
textwrap.shorten("Hello", width=10, placeholder="...")  # OK